Ethical Hacking Tutorial

Ethical Hacking Tutorial Ethical Hacking Tutorial A beginners Guide Back Home Categories Online Courses Mock Interviews Webinars NEW Community Write for Us Categories Artificial Intelligence AI vs Machine Learning vs Deep LearningMachine Learning AlgorithmsArtificial Intelligence TutorialWhat is Deep LearningDeep Learning TutorialInstall TensorFlowDeep Learning with PythonBackpropagationTensorFlow TutorialConvolutional Neural Network TutorialVIEW ALL BI and Visualization What is TableauTableau TutorialTableau Interview QuestionsWhat is InformaticaInformatica Interview QuestionsPower BI TutorialPower BI Interview QuestionsOLTP vs OLAPQlikView TutorialAdvanced Excel Formulas TutorialVIEW ALL Big Data What is HadoopHadoop ArchitectureHadoop TutorialHadoop Interview QuestionsHadoop EcosystemData Science vs Big Data vs Data AnalyticsWhat is Big DataMapReduce TutorialPig TutorialSpark TutorialSpark Interview QuestionsBig Data TutorialHive TutorialVIEW ALL Blockchain Blockchain TutorialWhat is BlockchainHyperledger FabricWhat Is EthereumEthereum TutorialB lockchain ApplicationsSolidity TutorialBlockchain ProgrammingHow Blockchain WorksVIEW ALL Cloud Computing What is AWSAWS TutorialAWS CertificationAzure Interview QuestionsAzure TutorialWhat Is Cloud ComputingWhat Is SalesforceIoT TutorialSalesforce TutorialSalesforce Interview QuestionsVIEW ALL Cyber Security Cloud SecurityWhat is CryptographyNmap TutorialSQL Injection AttacksHow To Install Kali LinuxHow to become an Ethical Hacker?Footprinting in Ethical HackingNetwork Scanning for Ethical HackingARP SpoofingApplication SecurityVIEW ALL Data Science Python Pandas TutorialWhat is Machine LearningMachine Learning TutorialMachine Learning ProjectsMachine Learning Interview QuestionsWhat Is Data ScienceSAS TutorialR TutorialData Science ProjectsHow to become a data scientistData Science Interview QuestionsData Scientist SalaryVIEW ALL Data Warehousing and ETL What is Data WarehouseDimension Table in Data WarehousingData Warehousing Interview QuestionsData warehouse architectureTalend T utorialTalend ETL ToolTalend Interview QuestionsFact Table and its TypesInformatica TransformationsInformatica TutorialVIEW ALL Databases What is MySQLMySQL Data TypesSQL JoinsSQL Data TypesWhat is MongoDBMongoDB Interview QuestionsMySQL TutorialSQL Interview QuestionsSQL CommandsMySQL Interview QuestionsVIEW ALL DevOps What is DevOpsDevOps vs AgileDevOps ToolsDevOps TutorialHow To Become A DevOps EngineerDevOps Interview QuestionsWhat Is DockerDocker TutorialDocker Interview QuestionsWhat Is ChefWhat Is KubernetesKubernetes TutorialVIEW ALL Front End Web Development What is JavaScript â€" All You Need To Know About JavaScriptJavaScript TutorialJavaScript Interview QuestionsJavaScript FrameworksAngular TutorialAngular Interview QuestionsWhat is REST API?React TutorialReact vs AngularjQuery TutorialNode TutorialReact Interview QuestionsVIEW ALL Mobile Development Android TutorialAndroid Interview QuestionsAndroid ArchitectureAndroid SQLite DatabaseProgramming A beginners Guide Las t updated on May 14,2020 12.8K Views Paul Research Analyst at edureka with a proficiency in Ethereum, Cybersecurity and Cryptography! Research Analyst at edureka with a proficiency in Ethereum, Cybersecurity and Cryptography! Bookmark 2 / 4 Blog from Ethical Hacking Basics Become a Certified Professional Ethical Hacking is a discipline widely followed by major big-wigs of the tech industry to protect their organization against any forthcoming probes from black hat hackers. In this Ethical Hacking Tutorial, Ill be discussing some key points of this discipline that is being followed around the globe. The following topics will be discussed:What is Ethical Hacking?Ethical Hacker RolesWhy is Ethical Hacking Important?What is a Security Threat?Types of Security ThreatsSecurity Threats: Preventive MeasuresEthical Hacker SkillsWhy Learn Programming?Ethical Hacking ToolsWhat is Social Engineering?Social Engineering TechniquesCryptographyStandard Cryptographic AlgorithmsRC4 Decryption De monstrationHeres a video version of this ethical hacking tutorial if you prefer to watch rather than read.Ethical Hacking Tutorial For Beginners | Ethical Hacking Training | EdurekaThis Edureka Ethical Hacking Tutorial video will give you an introduction to Ethical Hacking. This video will give you an exhaustive video on key topics of Ethical Hacking for beginners!What is Ethical Hacking?The act of hacking is defined as the process of finding a set of vulnerabilities in a target system and systematically exploiting them. Ethical Hacking as a discipline discerns itself from hacking by adding a vital element to the process consent. The addition of consent to thisprocess serves two objectives The process becomes a legal activitySince the ethical hacker takes permission prior to hacking into a system, it is legally made sure that he has no malicious intent. This is normally performed by making the ethical hacker sign contracts that legally bind him to work towards the improvement of th e security of the company Ergo, an ethical hacker is a computer security specialist, who hacks into a system with the consent or permission of the owner to disclose vulnerabilities in the security of the system in order to improve it. Now, let us go over the roles of an ethical hacker in this ethical hacking tutorial.Ethical Hacker RolesEthical hackershave various roles in the organizationthey work for. Considering the fact that ethical hacking is adopted by public and private organizations alike, goals may end up being diverse, but they can be boiled down to a few key points Protect the privacy of the organization the ethical hacker is working forImmaculately report any sort of discrepancy in the system to the corresponding division with the responsibility of mending the vulnerabilityUpdate hardware and software vendors regarding any sort of vulnerabilities found in their product, that is being used to orchestrate businessWhy is Ethical Hacking Important?Data hasbecome an invaluab le resource. Accordingly, the preservation of privacy, and integrity of data has also increased in importance. In essence, this makes ethical hacking extremely important today! This is primarily due to the fact that almost every business out there has an internet facing side. Whether it be public relations, content marketing or sales, the internet is being used as a medium. This makes any endpoint that is being used to serve the medium, a possible vulnerability.Furthermore, hackers of the present age, have proven themselves to be creative geniuses when it comes to penetrating into a system. Fighting fire with fire might not work in the real world, but to fight off a hacker so smart, an organization needs someone who has the same train of thought. Recent hacking outages have lead to losses amounting to millions of dollars. These incidents have cautioned businesses around the globe and made them rethink their stance on the importance of ethical hacking and cybersecurity. Having laid down the grounds for ethical hackers after specifying their roles and importance to an organization, let us move forward and discuss some key elements of ethical hacking in this ethical hacking tutorial.What is a Security Threat?As an ethical hacker, your daily routine will include dealing with a bunch of security threats.Any risk that has the potential to harm a system or an organization as a whole is a security threat. Lets go over the types of security threats.Types of Security ThreatsThreats are of two types:Physical ThreatsPhysical threats are further divided into three categories.Internal e.g. hardware fire, faulty power supply, internal hardware failures etcExternal e.g. floods, fires, earthquakes etcHuman e.g. vandalism, arson, accidental errors etcNon-Physical ThreatsNon-physical threats include every threat that has no physical manifestation. They are also known as logical threats. Below is a picture of the most common non-physical threats: An ethical hacker generally dea ls with non-physical threats on a daily basis, and it is his responsibility, to come up with preventive measures for these threats.Security Threats: Preventive MeasuresWhile most preventive measures adopted by ethical hackers tend to differ for every organization due to customized needs, they can be boiled down to some key methodologies that areubiquitously followed Every organization must have a logical security measure in place. This could also include cognitive cybersecurity measures adopted by an organization which operates on an incident response system.Authentication can be improved and made more efficient by using multi-factor authentication systems. Authentication methods can be in the form of user IDs and strong passwords, smart cards, captchas, biometric, etc.For protection against entities like worms, trojans, viruses etc. organizations sometimes use specially curated anti-viruses that are made keeping the companys special needs in mind. Additionally, an organization may also find it beneficial to usecontrol measures on the use of external storage devices and visiting the website that is most likely to download unauthorized programs onto the target computer.Intrusion-detection/prevention systems can be used to protect against denial of service attacks. There are other measures too that can be put in place to avoid denial of service attacks.Having discussed the types of threats an ethical hacker deals with regularly, lets go over the skills that are required to be able to deal with the discussed threats in this ethical hacking tutorial.Ethical Hacker SkillsAn ethical hacker is a computer expert, who specializes in networking and penetration testing. This generally entails the following skill set Expertise in various operating systems, primarily Linux and its various distribution. This is because a good portion of vulnerability testing includes invading the target system and sifting through their system. This is impossible without a good grasp on oper ating systems.In-depth knowledge of networking is also key to a successful ethical hacking career. This involves packet tracking, packet sniffing, intrusion detection prevention, scanning subnets etc.Programming: Now programming is a vast topic with nuances in every language. As an ethical hacker, it is not expected of you to be a master-coder, but rather be a jack-of-all-trades.Below is a table of the major/commonly used programming languages. Knowing these will definitely help you as an ethical hacker:LanguageDescriptionReason to learnHTMLUsed for creating web pagesHTML forms are used to enter data all over the internet. Being able to construct your own forms for analyzing vulnerabilities helps to figure out security issues in the codeJavascriptClient-side scripting language. Also used for writing backend servicesJavaScript code is executed on the client browser. Knowledge of JS can be used to read saved cookies and perform cross-site scripting etc.SQLUsed for interacting with da tabasesUsing SQL injection, to by-pass web application login algorithms that are weak, delete data from the database, etc.PHP/RubyServer-side scripting.PHP is one of the most used web programming languages. It is used to process HTML forms and performs other custom tasks. You could write a custom application in PHP that modifies settings on a web server and makes the server vulnerable to attacks.BashCreating small batch files and handy scriptsThey come in handy when you need to write your own shellcodes, exploits, rootkits or understanding and expanding on existing ones.Why Learn Programming?Whenever Ive mentioned that programming is an ethical hacking essential, Ive been asked why. This is mostly because people do not have the slightest clue about the roles and responsibilities of an ethical hacker. Here are a few reasons that make programming knowledge crucial for an ethical hacking career:Ethical hackers are the problem solver and tool builders, learning how to program will help you implement solutions to problems.Programming also helps automate tasks that would generally take up precious time to completeWriting programs can also help you identify and exploit programming errors in applications that you will be targetingProgramming knowledge also helps customize pre-existing tools to cater to your needs. For example, Metasploit is written in Ruby and you can add a new exploit to it if you know how to write one in RubyTalking about tools used in ethical hacking, let us go over a few of them.Ethical Hacking ToolsIt is impossible to go over every ethical hacking tool out there in a single article, hence, Ill just be going over some of the really famous ones in this section:NmapNmap, short for Network Mapper, is a reconnaissance tool that is widely used by ethical hackers to gather information about a target system. This information is key to deciding the proceeding steps to attack the target system. Nmap is cross-platform and works on Mac, Linux, and Windows. I t has gained immense popularity in the hacking community due to its ease of use and powerful searching scanning abilities.NetsparkerNetsparker is a web application security testing tool.Netsparker finds and reports web application vulnerabilities such as SQL Injection and Cross-site Scripting (XSS) on all types of web applications, regardless of the platform and technology they are built with. Netsparkers unique and dead accurate Proof-Based Scanningtechnology does not just report vulnerabilities, it also produces a Proof-of-Concept to confirm they are not false positives. Freeing you from having to double check the identified vulnerabilities.BurpsuiteBurp Suiteis a Java-basedWeb Penetration Testingframework. It has become an industry standard suite of tools used by information security professionals.Burp Suitehelps you identify vulnerabilities and verify attack vectors that are affecting web applications. Burp Suits unquestionable acceptance and fame can be attributed to the fanta stic web application crawler. It can Accurately map content and functionalityAutomatically handling sessionsHandles all sorts of state changes, volatile content, and application loginsMetasploitMetasploit is an open-source pen-testing framework written in Ruby.It acts as a public resource for researching security vulnerabilities and developing code that allows a network administrator to break into his own network to identify security risks and document which vulnerabilities need to be addressed first. It is also one of the few tools used by beginner hackers to practice their skills. It also allows you to replicate websites for phishing and other social engineering purposes. Talking about social engineering, let us take a moment to discuss the same.What is Social Engineering?Social engineering has proven itself to be a very effective mode of hacking amongst other malicious activities. The term encapsulates a broad range of malicious activities accomplished through human interactions . It uses psychological manipulation to trick users into committing security mistakes or giving away sensitive information.Social engineering is a multi-step process. A perpetrator first investigates the intended victim to gather necessary background information, such as potential points of entry and weak security protocols, needed to proceed with the attack. Then, the attacker moves to gain the victims trust and provide stimuli for subsequent actions that break security practices, such as revealing sensitive information or granting access to critical resources.The image belowdepicts the various phases of a social engineering attack: Social Engineering TechniquesMoving forward in this ethical hacking tutorial, let us discuss the various methods used for social engineering.Familiarity ExploitYou always trust someone you are familiar with, dont you? Thats exactly what social engineering evangelists take advantage of! The perpetrator might get themselves familiarised with the chosen t arget with day to day methodologies which have a facade of friendliness painted all over it. These can include activities like joining someone for a smoke, going out for drinks, playing video games etc.PhishingPhishing has proven itself to be a fantastic approach to social engineering. Phishing involves creating counterfeit websites that have the look and feel of a legitimate website. People who visit the website are tricked into entering their credentials that are then stored and redirected to the hackers system.Exploiting Human EmotionsExploiting human emotions is probably the easiest craft of social engineering. Feelings like greed and pity are very easily triggered. Asocial engineer may deliberately drop a virus infected flash disk in an area where the users can easily pick it up. The user will most likely plug the flash disk into the computer. The drive may be infested with all sorts of nonphysical threats which may actually be an infected file. It is an ethical hackers job to spread awareness about such techniques in the organization he/ she works for. Now lets take a moment to talk about cryptography and cryptanalysis in this ethical hacking tutorial.CryptographyCryptography is the art of ciphering text into an unreadable format. Just in case your data falls into the wrong hand, you can stay at ease as long as it is well encrypted. Only the person with the decryption key will be able to see the data. An ethical hacker is more interested in the working of algorithms that let him decipher the data without the key. This is called cryptanalysis.CryptanalysisCryptanalysis is the study of analyzing information systems in order to study the hidden aspects of the systems. Cryptanalysis is used to breach cryptographic security systems and gain access to the contents of encrypted messages, even if the cryptographic key is unknown. Methodologies like Brute force, Dictionary attacks, Rainbow table attacks have all stemmed from cryptanalysis. The success of cryptan alysis depends on the time one has, the computing power available and also the storage. Standard Cryptographic AlgorithmsLets discuss some of the most common cryptographic algorithms used till date:MD5 this is the acronym for Message-Digest 5. It is used to create 128-bit hash values. Theoretically, hashes cannot be reversed into the original plain text. MD5 is used to encrypt passwords as well as check data integrity. MD5 is not collision resistant. Collision resistance is the difficulties in finding two values that produce the same hash values.SHA this is the acronym for Secure Hash Algorithm. SHA algorithms are used to generate condensed representations of a message (message digest). It has various versions such as;SHA-0: produces 120-bit hash values. It was withdrawn from use due to significant flaws and replaced by SHA-1.SHA-1: produces 160-bit hash values. It is similar to earlier versions of MD5. It has cryptographic weakness and is not recommended for use since the year 2010 .SHA-2: it has two hash functions namely SHA-256 and SHA-512. SHA-256 uses 32-bit words while SHA-512 uses 64-bit words.SHA-3: this algorithm was formally known as Keccak.RC4 this algorithm is used to create stream ciphers. It is mostly used in protocols such asSecure Socket Layer (SSL)to encrypt internet communication andWired Equivalent Privacy (WEP)to secure wireless networks. Hacktivity RC4 Decryption DemonstrationIn this practical application of decryption, we are going to try and decrypt an RC4 encrypted text using a tool called Cryptool. We are going to encrypt a piece of text using RC4 and then try to decrypt it.Step 1: After installing Cryptool, launch it on your system. An identical window should pop-up.Step 2: Replace the text you see in the window with whatever you want. For this particular example, Ill be using the phrase: The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog Step 3: Choose the RC4 encryption algorithm to encrypt your text.Step 4: Set the key length to 24 bits and the value to 00 00 00.Step 5: Encrypt!You should get an output like this. This is the ciphertext of the plain text you entered.Step 6: On the analysis tab choose RC4.Step 7: Set the key length to 24 bits.Step 8: Wait for it Decrypt!Step 9: The value with the lowest entropy should be the original plain text.This brings us to the end of this ethical hacking tutorial. For more information regarding cybersecurity, you can check out my otherblogs.If you wish to learn Cybersecurity and build a colorful career in this domain, then check out ourCybersecurity Certification Trainingwhichcomes with instructor-led live training and real-life project experience.This training will help you understand cybersecurity in depth and help you achieve mastery over the subject.Got a question for us? Please mention it in the comments section of the Ethical Hacking Tutorial blog and we will get back to you.Recommended blogs for you Cybersecurity Tools You Must Know Tools for Cyber Threats Read Article Cybersecurity Fundamentals Introduction to Cybersecurity Read Article How To Install Kali Linux? All You Need To Know Read Article Everything You Need To Know About Kali Linux Read Article Top 10 Reasons To Learn Cybersecurity Read Article What is Cryptography? An Introduction to Cryptographic Algorithms Read Article Cybersecurity Threats and State of Our Digital Privacy Read Article What is Ethical Hacking? An Introduction to Ethical Hacking Read Article All You Need to Know about Ethical Hacking using Python Read Article Importance of Ethical Hacking: Why is Ethical Hacking Necessary? Read Article A Quick Guide To Network Scanning for Ethical Hacking Read Article Advantages And Disadvantages Of Ethical Hacking Read Article Proxychains, Anonsurf and MacChanger- Enhance your Anonymity! Read Article Steganography Tutorial A Complete Guide For Beginners Read Article Thoughts on Cybersecurity in the COVID-19 Era Read Article Important Benefits Of Ethical Hacking Read Article ARP Sp oofing Automating Ethical Hacking with Python Read Article Footprinting- The Understructure of Ethical Hacking Read Article Application Security: All You Need To Know Read Article How to become an Ethical Hacker? Read Article Comments 0 Comments Trending Courses in Cyber Security Cybersecurity Certification Course19k Enrolled LearnersWeekendLive Class Reviews 5 (7400)